Flash burn, also known as “welder’s flash” or ultraviolet (UV) keratitis, is a painful eye condition caused by intense exposure to ultraviolet (UV) Flash Burn. It commonly affects individuals who work in environments with high levels of UV radiation, such as welding, tanning, or even staring at bright sunlight without protection. Although temporary, flash burn can be extremely uncomfortable and, in severe cases, lead to long-term eye damage.
What Causes Flash Burn?
Flash burn occurs when the cornea—the transparent, protective layer covering the front of the eye—is exposed to excessive UV radiation. Common sources include:
- Welding arcs: Electric arc welding emits UV light strong enough to damage the cornea in seconds if proper eye protection is not used.
- Sunlight reflection: Snow, sand, or water can reflect UV rays, causing “snow blindness” or flash burn.
- Tanning lamps: Prolonged exposure to UV tanning lamps can also trigger flash burn.
- Chemical or artificial UV light sources: Industrial or laboratory equipment emitting UV light can pose a risk.
Symptoms of Flash Burn
The onset of flash burn is usually rapid, with symptoms appearing within a few hours of exposure. Common signs include:
- Severe eye pain or discomfort
- Redness and watery eyes
- Blurred vision or temporary vision loss
- Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
- Feeling like something is in the eye (foreign body sensation)
- Swelling of the eyelids in some cases
Although the symptoms are intense, flash burn typically resolves within 24–48 hours with proper care.
Treatment and Care
Immediate care for flash burn focuses on relieving pain and preventing infection. Recommended measures include:
- Resting the eyes: Avoid bright light and allow the cornea to heal naturally.
- Artificial tears or lubricating eye drops: Helps soothe dryness and irritation.
- Cold compresses: Can reduce pain and inflammation.
- Avoid rubbing the eyes: Rubbing can worsen the irritation or cause scratches on the cornea.
- Medical attention: In severe cases, an ophthalmologist may prescribe antibiotic or anti-inflammatory eye drops.
Prevention of Flash Burn
Prevention is always better than treatment. Measures include:
- Using proper eye protection: Welding helmets, UV-blocking goggles, or sunglasses with adequate UV protection.
- Limiting exposure: Avoid direct sunlight during peak UV hours and reflective surfaces without protection.
- Workplace safety measures: Follow guidelines for UV-emitting equipment and machinery.
- Education and awareness: Understanding the risks and symptoms can prevent accidental exposure.
Conclusion
Flash burn is a painful yet preventable condition that highlights the importance of eye safety in high-UV environments. Quick recognition, proper care, and preventive measures can minimize discomfort and protect long-term eye health. Whether you’re welding, enjoying a sunny day outdoors, or using UV-emitting equipment, protecting your eyes is essential to avoid the sudden pain and temporary vision loss caused by flash burn.
